add PPA GPG key

$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 9D1A0061

References :
[SOLVED] how to add the PPA key

reinstall debian package with config files

$ cd /var/cache/apt/archives
# dpkg --install --force-confmiss mysql-server-5.5_5.5.38-0ubuntu0.14.04.1_amd64.deb

References :
Linux Wisdom: Reinstall deleted or damaged files in Debian/Ubuntu

add-apt-repository: command not found

# apt-get install python-software-properties

E: The method driver /usr/lib/apt/methods/https could not be found.

# apt-get install apt-transport-https

References :
updates - How do I fix a \"E: The method driver /usr/lib/apt/methods/http could not be found.\" error? - Ask Ubuntu

ubuntu / debian apt show dependency

$ apt-cache show kali-linux-web | grep Depends

Debian Search command / filename from installed packages 搜尋檔案所屬套件

$ dpkg -S bluez-simple-*




Reference :
Debian / Ubuntu Linux: Find Out What Package Provides a File

W: GPG error: http://us.archive.ubuntu.com precise Release: The following signatures were invalid: BADSIG 40976EAF437D05B5 Ubuntu Archive Automatic Signing Key

# apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 40976EAF437D05B5

# cd /var/lib/apt
# mv lists lists.old
# mkdir -p lists/partial
# apt-get update

apt-cacher 安裝

atp-cacher 只會緩存客戶安裝過的套件包， 而不是所有套件包，緩存資料夾在 /var/cache/apt-cacher/packages

Server :

# apt-get install apt-cacher
# vi /etc/apt-cacher/apt-cacher.conf

allowed_hosts = *

or

allowed_hosts = 192.168.1.0/24

# /etc/init.d/apt-cacher restart

Client :

http://your-server:3142/

# vi /etc/apt/apt.conf

Acquire::http::proxy "http://your-server:3142";

查看 apt-get / aptitude 的 log

使用 apt-get 管理的會記錄在 /var/log/apt/history.log

使用 aptitude 管理的會記錄在 /var/log/aptitude

但底層都是 dpkg，所以會在 /var/log/dpkg.log


將以下函式加入 ~/.bashrc

function apt-history(){
      case "$1" in
        install)
              cat /var/log/dpkg.log | grep 'install '
              ;;
        upgrade|remove)
              cat /var/log/dpkg.log | grep $1
              ;;
        rollback)
              cat /var/log/dpkg.log | grep upgrade | \
                  grep "$2" -A10000000 | \
                  grep "$3" -B10000000 | \
                  awk '{print $4"="$5}'
              ;;
        *)
              cat /var/log/dpkg.log
              ;;
      esac
}

之後就可以執行如 apt-history install 來查看




Reference :
Linux Commando: How to show apt log history

atp-get 使用 proxy

# vi /etc/apt/apt.conf

Acquire::Http::Proxy "http://username:password@domain.com:3128";

apt-get 只下載、不安裝 套件 (download only)

下載套件包

$ apt-get download bash

下載原始碼

$ apt-get source bash

Reference :
How do I use apt-get to only download packages? - Ask Ubuntu

apt-get 不安裝推薦套件

# apt-get --no-install-recommends install perl

或

# vi /etc/apt/apt.conf

// Recommends are as of now still abused in many packages
APT::Install-Recommends "0";
APT::Install-Suggests "0";

Reference :
HOWTO: Tell "apt-get" not to install "recommends" packages in Debian Linux | Debian Ubuntu Linux Solutions Blog

debian / ubuntu 手動強制移除損壞套件

# mv /var/lib/dpkg/info/PACKAGE_NAME.* /tmp/
# dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq PACKAGE_NAME

Reference :
Manually remove a broken package in Ubuntu/Debian

deb 包相依套件

$ apt-cache depends package

$ apt-get -d install package1 package2 package3


解開 deb 包

# dpkg --unpack xxx.deb
或
# ar -x xxx.deb

會生成兩個檔案, 解開 data.tar.gz 可得到軟體套件包檔案內容
$ tar zxf data.tar.gz




Reference :
如何解開 *.deb 的包裝檔 | 魔貝特

debian / ubuntu 列出已安裝套件

列出安裝 deb 包
列出 deb 包版本
list deb packages
list deb packages version

$ dpkg --get-selections

or

$ depkg -l




Reference:
Show the List of Installed Packages on Ubuntu or Debian

E: Archive directory /var/cache/apt/archives/partial is missing.

# cd /var/cache/apt/
# mkdir -p archives/partial
# apt-get autoclean